2.Main ActorsMain actors in the blockchain industry include: 1. open source frameworks, such as Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric；2. Blockchain platforms including those provided by Ant Financial, Pingan, Tencent, and Wanxiang; 3. Start-ups focusing on applications. China leads the blockchain industry in the world because on top of our advantages in mobile internet many enterprises resort to the pathway of alliance blockchain. The past one or two years has witnessed the robust development of the dark horse, resulting in a series of application products and proving the feasibility of alliance chain roadmap. Developing alliance blockchain seems to be more pragmatic after the thorny road of developing public chain beset people for a long time.The boom of alliance blockchain in the last two years doesn’t naturally indicate the maturity of technology. Instead, most of the projects are at a stage of exploring an appropriate commercial model, including improving a company’s service efficiency, providing solutions to governments and financial institutions, and providing cloud service to medium-sized and small enterprises. China ranked second (next to the US) in terms of the number of blockchain enterprises by March 2019, most of which are located in economically-advanced regions such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guandong. Only a few companies (BATJ, 360, and Xunlei) engaged in the building of blockchain infrastructure, because they need to be technologically advanced and farsighted. Compared with overseas counterparts, China’s public blockchain platforms still lag behind. Although many domestic companies independently developed CITA, Bubichain, BROP, BCOS, and ChainSQL platforms, most of their achievements are based on foreign open-source products such as bitcoin, ethernet, and super ledger.Growing demand for developing blockchain application encouraged many IT giants, such as Huawei, Tencent, Baidu, JD.com, to launch blockchain cloud platforms in 2018 and combine blockchain with big data and could computing, followed by many other blockchain companies who started to release vertical chain BaaS. In the future, BaaS will maintain a competent rival against cloud giants. As cloud platforms continue to expand and cloud computing continues to upgrade, blockchain BaaS platforms will see an exponential growth. Statistics suggest those platforms will worth tens of billions of dollars in the future.Globally, China ranked top 1 in the number of patents by November 27, 2019, according to data released by Incopat. China registered 1894 blockchain-related patents, outnumbering others combined.
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